Choosing the right choke tube for your 20 gauge turkey shotgun is crucial for a successful hunt. The tight constriction of a turkey choke focuses your shot pattern, increasing the density of pellets at the target and maximizing your chances of a clean kill. But with so many options on the market, understanding the nuances of 20 gauge turkey chokes can be overwhelming. This guide will break down everything you need to know to select the best choke for your needs and hunting style.
Understanding Choke Constriction
Before diving into specific choke types, it's essential to grasp the concept of choke constriction. This refers to how much the barrel is constricted at the end, influencing the shot pattern. A tighter choke creates a narrower, denser pattern at longer ranges, while a more open choke creates a wider, less dense pattern suitable for closer shots.
Types of Choke Constriction for Turkey Hunting:
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Extra Full: This is the tightest choke and provides the tightest shot pattern. Ideal for long-range shots (40+ yards), but requires precise aim and may be less effective at closer ranges. It's often favored by hunters who regularly engage turkeys at considerable distances.
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Full: A very tight choke, providing a dense pattern for shots up to 40 yards. A good all-around choice, offering a balance between pattern density and versatility. This is often considered the go-to choke for many turkey hunters.
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Modified: Offers a more open pattern than Full or Extra Full, making it suitable for shots in the 30-40 yard range, and providing a bit more forgiveness for less precise aim. It’s a good option if you prefer a slightly wider pattern or hunt in areas with less-than-ideal shooting lanes.
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Improved Cylinder: While not typically used for turkey hunting, some hunters may opt for an Improved Cylinder choke for extremely close-range shots (under 20 yards). The wider pattern increases the chance of hitting a target, but it sacrifices pellet density.
Factors to Consider When Choosing a 20 Gauge Turkey Choke
Several factors play a role in selecting the perfect choke for your 20 gauge shotgun:
1. Hunting Style and Distance:
- Long-range shots: Opt for Extra Full or Full chokes for maximum pellet density at longer distances.
- Medium-range shots: A Full or Modified choke provides a good balance of pattern density and shot spread.
- Close-range shots: While less common for turkey hunting, an Improved Cylinder choke might be suitable for exceptionally close encounters.
2. Ammunition:
The type of ammunition you use significantly impacts shot pattern. Some ammunition patterns better with certain chokes. Experimenting with different ammunition and choke combinations is highly recommended to find the optimal setup for your specific load. Consider factors like shot size (typically #4, #5, or #6 for turkeys) and shot type (lead, copper, or tungsten).
3. Shotgun and Barrel Length:
Your shotgun's model and barrel length can affect how different chokes perform. Consulting your shotgun's manual or contacting the manufacturer can provide valuable insights into recommended choke types.
Pattern Testing: The Key to Success
The best way to determine the optimal choke for your 20 gauge turkey hunting setup is through thorough pattern testing. This involves shooting your shotgun at various distances with different chokes and ammunition to see which combination produces the tightest, most consistent pattern. Remember to always practice safe gun handling procedures when performing pattern testing.
Conclusion: Making the Right Choice
Selecting the right 20 gauge turkey choke is a crucial aspect of successful turkey hunting. By understanding choke constriction, considering your hunting style and ammunition, and conducting thorough pattern testing, you can significantly increase your chances of a successful hunt. Remember that consistent practice and familiarity with your chosen setup are key to maximizing your effectiveness in the field.
