Choosing the right cartridge for hunting or sport shooting often comes down to a careful consideration of several factors. When comparing the venerable .45-70 Government and the more modern .450 Bushmaster, the decision becomes even more nuanced. Both boast substantial stopping power in the .45 caliber range, but their applications, recoil characteristics, and overall performance differ significantly. This in-depth comparison will help you determine which cartridge best suits your needs.
Ballistics: Power and Performance
The .45-70 Government, a cartridge with a rich history dating back to the late 19th century, packs a powerful punch. Its heavier bullets, typically ranging from 300 to 500 grains, deliver substantial energy downrange. This translates to exceptional stopping power, making it a favored choice for large game hunting, including elk, bear, and even dangerous game in certain situations. However, its longer barrel length and heavier recoil are factors to consider.
The .450 Bushmaster, a more recent addition to the firearms market, is designed for shorter-barreled rifles and carbines. While offering less energy downrange than the .45-70 Government, it still delivers impressive stopping power for medium to large game within reasonable ranges. Its lighter recoil makes it more manageable for extended shooting sessions, benefiting both hunters and sport shooters alike. Bullet weights typically range from 250 to 300 grains.
| Feature | .45-70 Government | .450 Bushmaster |
|---|---|---|
| Bullet Weight | 300-500 grains | 250-300 grains |
| Muzzle Energy | Significantly higher (dependent on load) | Lower than .45-70 Government |
| Recoil | Substantially higher | Significantly lower |
| Range | Effective range is generally longer | Effective range is generally shorter |
| Applications | Large game hunting, long-range shooting | Medium to large game hunting, shorter ranges |
Recoil and Shootability
The .45-70 Government's substantial recoil is a defining characteristic. While experienced shooters can manage it, beginners may find it challenging. This recoil can also impact accuracy, especially during rapid fire. It's crucial to use proper shooting techniques and potentially incorporate recoil-reducing accessories like muzzle brakes.
The .450 Bushmaster, on the other hand, boasts significantly less recoil, making it more comfortable to shoot, even for extended periods. This reduced recoil translates to improved accuracy and faster follow-up shots, making it a more versatile option for a wider range of shooters.
Applications and Hunting
The .45-70 Government is a proven performer for large game hunting. Its power and heavier bullets ensure effective penetration and stopping power even at longer ranges. Its suitability extends beyond hunting, finding use in long-range shooting competitions and even as a potent defensive cartridge.
The .450 Bushmaster's shorter range and slightly lower energy make it better suited for hunting medium to large game at closer distances. Its lighter recoil makes it more suitable for hunters who prefer a more manageable firearm, especially in thick brush or tighter hunting environments.
Availability and Cost
Both cartridges are readily available, but the .45-70 Government boasts a broader selection of ammunition, including various bullet weights and styles. The .450 Bushmaster is generally less expensive to shoot, particularly considering its lighter recoil and the use of lighter bullets.
Conclusion
The choice between the .45-70 Government and the .450 Bushmaster depends heavily on individual needs and preferences. The .45-70 Government provides superior stopping power and longer-range capability for larger game hunting, but at the cost of increased recoil and potentially higher ammunition costs. The .450 Bushmaster offers a more manageable recoil, making it easier to shoot and a good choice for hunting medium to large game at shorter to moderate ranges. Careful consideration of these factors will guide you to the most suitable cartridge for your specific requirements.
