The Western Field name evokes a sense of nostalgia for many shotgun enthusiasts. These shotguns, often found at affordable prices in the used market, represent a significant piece of American firearm history. But what makes a Western Field 12 gauge stand out (or perhaps, stand back)? This comprehensive guide delves into the history, models, common issues, and overall value of Western Field 12 gauge shotguns.
The History of Western Field Shotguns
Western Field wasn't a manufacturer in the traditional sense; it was a brand name used by Montgomery Ward, a massive mail-order retailer, from the early 20th century through the 1960s. Montgomery Ward contracted with various firearm manufacturers to produce shotguns under the Western Field name. This means that a "Western Field 12 gauge" could actually be a shotgun built by several different companies, resulting in considerable variation in quality and features across different models and years of production.
Some of the most common manufacturers who produced shotguns for Western Field include:
- High Standard: Known for producing high-quality firearms, High Standard's Western Field models are often considered among the best.
- Stevens: A prolific firearms manufacturer, Stevens produced a large number of Western Field shotguns, offering a wide range of styles and price points.
- J.C. Higgins: Another Montgomery Ward brand, some J.C. Higgins shotguns were also produced by the same manufacturers as Western Field models, further complicating identification.
Identifying Your Western Field 12 Gauge
Due to the diverse origins of Western Field shotguns, identification can be challenging. Key features to look for when trying to determine the manufacturer and model include:
- Serial Number: This often provides clues about the manufacturer and year of production. Online databases and forums dedicated to firearms can be invaluable resources for decoding serial numbers.
- Rollmarks: These markings, stamped into the receiver, often indicate the manufacturer. Pay close attention to any markings besides "Western Field."
- Receiver Design: The receiver's shape and features can offer hints about the original manufacturer.
- Barrel Markings: Similar to receiver markings, barrel stamps may provide clues to the manufacturer and gauge.
Common Models and Their Features
While a precise list of every Western Field 12 gauge model is impractical, some common types and features include:
- Single-shot shotguns: These are generally simple, reliable, and affordable options, ideal for beginners or casual users.
- Pump-action shotguns: Offering faster follow-up shots than single-shots, these were popular hunting and sporting models.
- Double-barrel shotguns: Featuring two barrels, these were often used for hunting and target shooting. Variations exist, including side-by-side and over-under configurations.
Common Issues and Maintenance
As with any older firearm, Western Field shotguns can suffer from wear and tear. Some common issues include:
- Rust and corrosion: Proper storage and regular cleaning are crucial to prevent rust.
- Wood stock damage: Check for cracks, chips, or significant wear on the stock.
- Action problems: Pump-action mechanisms may become stiff or malfunction due to age and lack of lubrication.
Regular cleaning, lubrication, and careful handling will significantly extend the lifespan of your Western Field 12 gauge. If you encounter significant mechanical problems, it's best to seek the assistance of a qualified gunsmith.
Value and Collectibility
The value of a Western Field 12 gauge can vary greatly depending on the model, condition, and manufacturer. Some well-preserved examples, particularly those from reputable manufacturers like High Standard, can command respectable prices among collectors. However, many are readily available at relatively low cost in the used market.
Conclusion
Western Field 12 gauge shotguns offer a fascinating glimpse into the history of American firearms and mail-order retail. While they might not be the most technologically advanced shotguns on the market, their affordability, availability, and historical significance make them a popular choice for many shooters. By understanding their history, identifying key features, and performing regular maintenance, you can enjoy these classic firearms for years to come. Remember always to handle firearms safely and responsibly. Consult local and state regulations regarding firearm ownership and use.
